Misc API cleanup and consistency fixes (#1023)

- ROCPROFILER_API after function
- use rocprofiler_tracing_operation_t in lieu of uint32_t where appropriate
- rocprofiler_tracing_operation_t is not int32_t typedef (formerly uint32_t)
- use const T* instead of T* where appropriate

[ROCm/rocprofiler-sdk commit: bb25376480]

projects/rocprofiler-sdk/samples/api_callback_tracing/client.cpp

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ tool_tracing_callback(rocprofiler_callback_tracing_record_t record,
          << ", dt_nsec=" << std::setw(6) << dt;
 
     auto info_data_cb = [](rocprofiler_callback_tracing_kind_t,
-                           uint32_t,
+                           rocprofiler_tracing_operation_t,
                            uint32_t          arg_num,
                            const void* const arg_value_addr,
                            int32_t           indirection_count,