Rework sampling and colorized logs (#140)

## Overview

This is a significant PR which has 3 very notable characteristics:

1. Omnitrace colorizes most of it's logging
2. Completely reworked the sampling 
  - Samples now record the current instruction pointers instead of strings
    - This _dramatically_ decreases the overhead of taking a sample
  - The collection of metrics during a sample are split out into another component, enabling that data collection to be disabled -- which decreases the sampling overhead even further
  - When both `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME` are ON:
    - `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME_FREQ` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME_FREQ` can be used to individually control the sampling frequency 
  - `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME_DELAY` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME_DELAY` can be used to individually control the delay time before starting
  - Now, omnitrace does not start a real-time sampler on the main thread unless `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME` is ON
    - In the future, an `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_TIDS` (and real-time, cpu-time variants) configuration variable(s) will allow you to select which threads will be sampled
3. Files produced by `omnitrace` exe -- `available-instr.txt`, `instrumented-instr.txt`, etc. -- now no longer has `-instr` suffix and are placed in `instrumentation/` subfolder, i.e. `available-instr.txt` -> instrumentation/available.txt`
  - This helped de-clutter the output folder

Most of the other edits were reorganization (e.g. internal namespace changes), cleanup, and splitting up functionality.

## Bug Fixes

There is a bug fix with respect to the HSA callbacks which disabled sampling on child threads when an HSA API call was made

## Details

- created thread_info struct for mapping different thread IDs
- reorganized file structure significantly
- added categories.hpp, concepts.hpp
- moved around name trait definitions
- moved all omnitrace components into `omnitrace::component` namespace
  - there was a lot of inconsistency b/t using `tim::component` in some places and `omnitrace::component`
  - added macros like OMNITRACE_DECLARE_COMPONENT in lieu of TIMEMORY_DECLARE_COMPONENT
- OMNITRACE_CRITICAL_TRACE_NUM_THREADS -> OMNITRACE_THREAD_POOL_SIZE
- roctracer and critical_trace use same thread pool
- critical_trace functions do not lock anymore bc of thread-local TaskGroup
- added `component::local_category_region` to support using `component::category_region` without explicitly passing in name
- removed `component::omnitrace` (unused)
- migrated KokkosP and OMPT to use `component::local_category_region`
  - removed `component::user_region` as a result
- migrated omnitrace_{push,pop}_{trace,region}_hidden to use component::category_region
  - removed `component::functors` as a result
- migrated some ppdefs
- `api::omnitrace` -> `project::omnitrace`
- `api::(...)` -> `category::(...)`
- improved recording the execution time of threads
  - migrated this functionality out of pthread_create_gotcha and into thread_info
- moved mpi_gotcha, fork_gotcha, exit_gotcha, rcclp into omnitrace::component namespace
- split backtrace up into backtrace, backtrace_metrics, backtrace_timestamp components
- sampling.cpp handles setup and post-processing that was formerly in backtrace
- updated logging to use colors
- `OMNITRACE_COLORIZED_LOG` config variable
- updated docs on JSON output from timemory
- instrumentation info in instrumentation subfolder
- added testing for KokkosP entries
- added testing for ompt entries
- add_critical_trace function defined in critical_trace.hpp
- disable push_thread_state and pop_thread_state when thread state is Disabled or Completed
- add comp::page_rss to main bundle
- thread_data supports std::optional instead of std::unique_ptr
- thread_data supports tim::identity<T> to avoid unique_ptr or optional
- tracing::record_thread_start_time()
- tracing::push_timemory and tracing::pop_timemory are templated on CategoryT
- removed anonymous namespace from omnitrace::utility
- sampling backtrace stores instruction pointers instead of strings
- component::category_region updates
  - handle disabled thread state
  - handle finalized state
  - fewer debug messages
  - invoke thread_init()
  - invoke thread_init_sampling()
  - handle push/pop count based on category
  - push/pop count only modified when used
- component::cpu_freq
- components/ensure_storage.hpp
- reworked the pthread_create replacement function
- updated parallel-overhead example to report # of times locked
- OMNITRACE_MAX_UNWIND_DEPTH build option
- update timemory submodule

[ROCm/rocprofiler-systems commit: 808ea7dfa7]

projects/rocprofiler-systems/source/lib/omnitrace/library/components/rcclp.cpp

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ operator<<(std::ostream& _os, const ncclUniqueId& _v)
     return _os;
 }
 
-namespace tim
+namespace omnitrace
 {
 namespace component
 {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ activate_rcclp()
 
         std::stringstream ss;
         ss << "timemory-rcclp-" << demangle<rccl_toolset_t>() << "-"
-           << demangle<api::rccl>();
+           << demangle<category::rocm_rccl>();
         tim::manager::instance()->add_cleanup(ss.str(), cleanup_functor);
         return 1;
     }
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ deactivate_rcclp(uint64_t id)
     {
         std::stringstream ss;
         ss << "timemory-rcclp-" << demangle<rccl_toolset_t>() << "-"
-           << demangle<api::rccl>();
+           << demangle<category::rocm_rccl>();
         tim::manager::instance()->cleanup(ss.str());
         return 0;
     }
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ configure_rcclp(const std::set<std::string>& permit, const std::set<std::string>
     static constexpr size_t rcclp_wrapper_count = OMNITRACE_NUM_RCCLP_WRAPPERS;
 
     using rcclp_gotcha_t =
-        tim::component::gotcha<rcclp_wrapper_count, rccl_toolset_t, api::rccl>;
+        tim::component::gotcha<rcclp_wrapper_count, rccl_toolset_t, category::rocm_rccl>;
 
     static bool is_initialized = false;
     if(!is_initialized)
@@ -197,4 +197,4 @@ rcclp_handle::get_tool_count()
     return get_persistent_data().m_count;
 }
 }  // namespace component
-}  // namespace tim
+}  // namespace omnitrace