Rework sampling and colorized logs (#140)

## Overview

This is a significant PR which has 3 very notable characteristics:

1. Omnitrace colorizes most of it's logging
2. Completely reworked the sampling 
  - Samples now record the current instruction pointers instead of strings
    - This _dramatically_ decreases the overhead of taking a sample
  - The collection of metrics during a sample are split out into another component, enabling that data collection to be disabled -- which decreases the sampling overhead even further
  - When both `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME` are ON:
    - `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME_FREQ` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME_FREQ` can be used to individually control the sampling frequency 
  - `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_CPUTIME_DELAY` and `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME_DELAY` can be used to individually control the delay time before starting
  - Now, omnitrace does not start a real-time sampler on the main thread unless `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_REALTIME` is ON
    - In the future, an `OMNITRACE_SAMPLING_TIDS` (and real-time, cpu-time variants) configuration variable(s) will allow you to select which threads will be sampled
3. Files produced by `omnitrace` exe -- `available-instr.txt`, `instrumented-instr.txt`, etc. -- now no longer has `-instr` suffix and are placed in `instrumentation/` subfolder, i.e. `available-instr.txt` -> instrumentation/available.txt`
  - This helped de-clutter the output folder

Most of the other edits were reorganization (e.g. internal namespace changes), cleanup, and splitting up functionality.

## Bug Fixes

There is a bug fix with respect to the HSA callbacks which disabled sampling on child threads when an HSA API call was made

## Details

- created thread_info struct for mapping different thread IDs
- reorganized file structure significantly
- added categories.hpp, concepts.hpp
- moved around name trait definitions
- moved all omnitrace components into `omnitrace::component` namespace
  - there was a lot of inconsistency b/t using `tim::component` in some places and `omnitrace::component`
  - added macros like OMNITRACE_DECLARE_COMPONENT in lieu of TIMEMORY_DECLARE_COMPONENT
- OMNITRACE_CRITICAL_TRACE_NUM_THREADS -> OMNITRACE_THREAD_POOL_SIZE
- roctracer and critical_trace use same thread pool
- critical_trace functions do not lock anymore bc of thread-local TaskGroup
- added `component::local_category_region` to support using `component::category_region` without explicitly passing in name
- removed `component::omnitrace` (unused)
- migrated KokkosP and OMPT to use `component::local_category_region`
  - removed `component::user_region` as a result
- migrated omnitrace_{push,pop}_{trace,region}_hidden to use component::category_region
  - removed `component::functors` as a result
- migrated some ppdefs
- `api::omnitrace` -> `project::omnitrace`
- `api::(...)` -> `category::(...)`
- improved recording the execution time of threads
  - migrated this functionality out of pthread_create_gotcha and into thread_info
- moved mpi_gotcha, fork_gotcha, exit_gotcha, rcclp into omnitrace::component namespace
- split backtrace up into backtrace, backtrace_metrics, backtrace_timestamp components
- sampling.cpp handles setup and post-processing that was formerly in backtrace
- updated logging to use colors
- `OMNITRACE_COLORIZED_LOG` config variable
- updated docs on JSON output from timemory
- instrumentation info in instrumentation subfolder
- added testing for KokkosP entries
- added testing for ompt entries
- add_critical_trace function defined in critical_trace.hpp
- disable push_thread_state and pop_thread_state when thread state is Disabled or Completed
- add comp::page_rss to main bundle
- thread_data supports std::optional instead of std::unique_ptr
- thread_data supports tim::identity<T> to avoid unique_ptr or optional
- tracing::record_thread_start_time()
- tracing::push_timemory and tracing::pop_timemory are templated on CategoryT
- removed anonymous namespace from omnitrace::utility
- sampling backtrace stores instruction pointers instead of strings
- component::category_region updates
  - handle disabled thread state
  - handle finalized state
  - fewer debug messages
  - invoke thread_init()
  - invoke thread_init_sampling()
  - handle push/pop count based on category
  - push/pop count only modified when used
- component::cpu_freq
- components/ensure_storage.hpp
- reworked the pthread_create replacement function
- updated parallel-overhead example to report # of times locked
- OMNITRACE_MAX_UNWIND_DEPTH build option
- update timemory submodule

examples/mpi/mpi.cpp

@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ run(MPI_Comm _comm, int nitr)
     MPI_Comm_rank(_comm, &_rank);
     MPI_Comm_size(_comm, &_size);
 
-    printf("[%s][%i] running %i iterations on %i ranks...\n", _name.c_str(), _rank, nitr,
-           _size);
+    printf("[%s][%i][%s] running %i iterations on %i ranks... \n", _name.c_str(), _rank,
+           __FUNCTION__, nitr, _size);
 
     MPI_Barrier(_comm);
     for(int i = 0; i < nitr; ++i)
@@ -175,6 +175,9 @@ run(MPI_Comm _comm, int nitr)
         all2all<double, 6>(_rank, _comm);
     }
     MPI_Barrier(_comm);
+
+    printf("[%s][%i][%s] running %i iterations on %i ranks... Done\n", _name.c_str(),
+           _rank, __FUNCTION__, nitr, _size);
 }
 
 void
@@ -235,8 +238,6 @@ run_main(int argc, char** argv)
 
     print_info(MPI_COMM_WORLD, true, "MPI_COMM_WORLD");
 
-    printf("[%s]\n", _name.c_str());
-
     if(size > 1)
     {
         MPI_Comm dup;
@@ -313,6 +314,8 @@ run_main(int argc, char** argv)
 
         print_info(dup, false);
     }
+
+    printf("[%s][%i of %i] %s... Done", _name.c_str(), rank, size, __FUNCTION__);
 }
 
 int
@@ -325,13 +328,12 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
     auto _prom = std::promise<void>{};
     auto _fut  = _prom.get_future();
 
-    std::thread _thr{ [&]() {
+    std::thread{ [&]() {
+        _prom.set_value_at_thread_exit();
         run_main(argc, argv);
-        _prom.set_value();
-    } };
+    } }.join();
 
     _fut.wait();
-    _thr.join();
 
     MPI_Finalize();
     return EXIT_SUCCESS;